PSG has now claimed the prestigious cup on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired two times in the closing moments to take a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to complete a 4-1 penalty victory.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.